This system is designed with clear separation of concerns and strong internal boundaries.
Handles HTTPS, routing, and protects private services.
Offloads HTTP to gRPC, performs request validation, and routes internally.
Core service that handles creation and lookup of URLs.
Encapsulates all database interactions and writes to Postgres.
Talks to Redis to serve high-speed responses and reduce DB load.
Reliable persistence + low-latency caching.